Globalization and the Nation State Essay - 1633 Words

Globalization Ââ€" Struggles of the Nation-State and Issues of Equality Economic growth in globalization is often due to rapid technological advancements and changes in the gathering of information and communications. Globalization has always existed but todays globalization has been a much more rapid and intense process than in the past. The question here is whether todays globalization weakens the nation state and whether or not it undermines national control over the economy. We are trying to determine whether or not globalization leads to a greater social and economic inequality in society. We will begin by discussing how the globalization of economy has played the largest role in changing todays world. Following the economical†¦show more content†¦States have loosened their policies in order to encourage other nations to invest and take part in their markets. As previously mentioned, the social impact on labour workers within developed nations is becoming more and more negative. Labour workers no longer have the same sense of stability; the y are increasingly impacted by low wages and unemployment. The importance of culture within the state is also diminishing. The movement towards an international culture is becoming greater and individual cultures are being forced to adapt. Language, religion and lifestyles are ever changing due to information technology such as the Internet and international commerce. Values, culture and ways of life are becoming more and more homogenized; they are losing their distinctive aspects in order to keep with global changes. There are some positive aspects to the erosion of cultural barriers, such as the propagation of democracy and the unification across the world of all cultures under one global force. Thus, the hope is that this unification would lead to a more peaceful world. However, many scholars are worried that the two emerging forces, McWorld and Jihad are threatening democratic values in the world. The reference made here to Jihad is based on a definition given by Benjamin Barber, he describes the struggle between the two forces. Jihad being a retribalization of large swathsShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Globalization On Nation States1186 Words   |  5 PagesThe phrase ‘nation state’ is often referred to as two quite separate terms. ‘State’ is known as an individual political community which has its own rules and regulations which makes them separate from other communities. A ‘nation’ is primarily known as a large body of people united by common descent, hist ory, culture, or language, living in a particular state or area. Globalisation is the trend of money and businesses to grow past their own national market and reach other nation-state markets aroundRead MoreThe Impact Of Globalization On Citizenship For A Nation State1574 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is a phenomenon that is crucial and fundamental to the development of our world which also has an increasingly amount of influence that played an important role in the flow of migration and immigration of individuals seeking for better opportunities. As a result, it is a given that globalization will significantly impact the process of citizenship for a nation state. Thus, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate the way in which the influence of globalization upon citizenshipRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The Nation State Within A Global Context2001 Words   |  9 Pagesglobalisation has on the nation-state within a global context. Next, it respectively study the poli tical, economic and cultural influences caused by globalization over the nation-state.Robertson is one of the first sociologists to characterize globalization as the pressure of the world and the escalation of awareness of the world overall (Robertson,1992:8). Tailing him, there are a gathering of perspectives and research on the issue with respect to globalization. Globalization is a procedure whichRead MoreHas Globalization Reinforced or Undermined the Legitimacy of the Nation-State?1914 Words   |  8 PagesHas Globalization reinforced or undermined the legitimacy of the nation-state? Globalisation is a phenomenon that has been increasingly used in the lexicon since the latter half of the 1980’s, achieving widespread and common currency amongst politicians, political analysts, academics, economists, the media, business, trade and finance. The term has become synonymous with the â€Å"global village† concept, where nations and states are drawn closer together; where economic, political and cultural spheresRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The United States And Our Relations With Other Nations Essay2272 Words   |  10 PagesGlobalization is a process which involves the establishment of economic, cultural, and socio-economic relations between nations around the world. It is a concept that has fascinated me for quite some time because of it’s influence on topics such as; why one country gains while another loses, why certain people thrive while others diminish, how technology impacts human labor and workforce, etc. Specifically, I have always been drawn to the economic consequences of globalization and how they impactRead MoreGlobalization and European Integration: Eroding the Sovereignty of the Nation State in Europe1615 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿European Politics Discuss the proposition that globalisation and European integration have eroded the sovereignty of the nation state in Europe The essay begins by looking at the aspect of globalisation, before considering the thoughts and functionality of European integration leading to a ‘supernation’ Europe. ‘Sovereignty refers to the ultimate source of authority in society. The sovereign is the highest and final decision-maker within a community.’ Hague Harrop (2007). Comparative GovernmentRead MoreThe Political Economy Of Globalization1699 Words   |  7 PagesJoseph Stiglitz and Layna Mosley both discuss globalization in detail and both have similar views regarding globalization. In the chapter â€Å"The Political Economy of Globalization† Layna Mosley asks the question whether globalizations effect on government policy making has adverse effects on the state of the global economy or if governments retain autonomy in regards to policymaking despite globalization. She analyzes trends in globalization and the hypothesis of â€Å"the race to the bottom† as well asRead MoreThe Phe nomenon of Globalization1498 Words   |  6 PagesA precise definition of the concept of globalization has not been formulated despite the efforts of many experts in a variety of disciplines. Nevertheless, there is little doubt that globalization has begun to take effect throughout the world and that as it develops it has begun to transform the worlds economy, its social structure, and political balance (Roundtree, 2006). How pervasive these changes may be remains to be seen but the fact that they are taking place cannot be denied. As indicatedRead MoreGlobalization : The Super Story1366 Words   |  6 PagesFriedman’s article, Globalization: The Super-Story, he defines globalization as the inexorable integration of markets, transportation systems, and communication systems to a degree never witnessed before. In simple terms, globalization is the process of international mingle that comes from the interchange of world views. Friedman is one of the key protagonists of the concept of globalization and defines this new system with a series of key words and three balances which make up the globalization system. FriedmanRead MoreLets View Globalization1213 Words   |  5 PagesThe definition of Globalization can be summarized as an elimination barrier of trade, culture and communication. Increasing technology and communication has supported the growth of globalization creating a world without many borders related to business (Robertson 1996). Viewing globalization as a positive or negative contributor to t he world economy is part of the same debate of whether it creates diminishing cultural and ethnic diversity .The debate around globalization has been a topic of discussion

Lost Illusion is the undisclosed title of every novel....

Lost Illusion is the undisclosed title of every novel. Andre Maurois comments that within each novel is the sense of lost dreams and unattainable goals. Irony expresses how the meaning of a particular event can be shown with an opposite effect. Furthermore, it also exposes the ironic events that can occur within a novel in connection with the title. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald produced much dispute on why he chose that as the title to his novel. The Great Gatsby demonstrates the deception of how the main character Jay Gatsby showed his greatness by attempting to achieve his goal of Daisy, but failed miserably in his pursuit of recreating the past and bringing about his own death. Gatsby showed his greatness by†¦show more content†¦Gatsbys dream-like life caused him to ascend to the top of society in a fraudulent way and ultimately bringing about his own death. Gatsbys wealth was acquired through the illegal sale of liquor after Daisy wouldnt accept him for being poor at that time. Furthermore, he elected an illegal and immoral path in his life. Also, The old-money people such as Tom could evidently see through Gatsbys sentiments and his appearance, leading to the decision of naming him bogus, not great. Ultimately, Gatsby can only be considered ironically great for the dishonorable dream of Daisy. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald indicates how greatness could be achieved through wealth and power, but how it could fail miserably and bring about someones death. The only great or heroic act that Gatsby accomplished was taking blame for Myrtles murder. After Fitzgerald had given different names to his novel such as The High-Bouncing Lover and Among the Ash-Heaps and Millionaires, he decided to name it The Great Gatsby because it gives the sense of irony and paradox to the novel. The greatness of a man is not in how much wealth he acquires, but in his integrity and his ability to affect those around him positively. Bob Marley comments that a man can only prove his greatness through his positive actions and his moral values, not his material wealth, which is where Gatsby failed in attempting to achieve his goal of Daisy.

Psychology of Business - Nike She Runs - 1414 Words

A Psychological Perspective Synopsis Exam Exam Question: â€Å"Today business and organizations have to function within a globalized, diverse, highly competitive and rapidly changing market. This calls for new approaches, strategies, organizations and understandings. Based on a relevant case/problem, account for and discuss how a psychological perspective can qualify those.† Hand in date: 8th May 2014 Julie Ingemann Jensen 3 Pages Copenhagen Business School 2014 Nike currently stands as a dominant leader in the global athletic retail industry. Particularly amongst females Nike is seen as a popular choice for apparel yet has had trouble solidifying itself as a top choice for footwear, with competitor ASICS seen as the preferred†¦show more content†¦This has allowed the She Runs campaign to be successful in securing more active participants in the brand community and ultimately growing Nike’s customer base. Part of Nike’s mission statement explains, â€Å"If you have a body, you are an athlete† (Nike, 2013). The She Runs campaign is in line with this mission statement, as they encourage all types of women to get involved and inspire them to discover their own athletic potential. This motivates women to consider themselves as athletic, modifying their self-schema and therefore shaping their behaviours, perceptions and motivations in favour of the Nike brand. Social Psychology, Culture and Attitudes Nike identified that women have a tendency towards self-handicapping behaviour. Women perceive running in groups as competitive and intimidating, leaving them to overcome running fears and goals in isolation (AdNewsAus 2013). This is greatly contrasted to the female stereotype and inclination to discuss and partake in shared experiences (MarketingMag 2013). Nike recognised this behaviour and turned it into an opportunity through the formation of the She Runs community. Due to the need of belonging, women have conformed to the actions of those in their reference group both on and offline in the campaign. Women are connected to those that share their aspirations, beliefs, attitudes and their ‘ideal self’. This community continues to grow due to conformity and how individuals matchShow MoreRelatedComplete Project on Nike16139 Words   |  65 PagesA SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON MARKETING STRATEGY OF NIKE AT â€Å"NIKESHOES INDUSTRIES LIMITED† SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF BACHELOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (BBA) TRAINING SUPERVISOR SUBMITTED BY SESSION 2005-2008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The present work is an effort to throw some light on Marketing Strategy of Nike at â€Å"Nike Industries Limited†. The work would not have been possible to come to the present shape without the able guidance, supervision and helpRead MoreMarketing Concept Is International And Used By Establishments Throughout The World2054 Words   |  9 Pagesto go for their morning run, and a company such as Nike has come out with a new pair of running sneakers that need to be sold, there are two people with unsatisfied needs. Both parties have needs that they are willing to fulfill. The person with the need for running sneakers has the time and the money to go to the store and buy the sneakers or go online and order the sneakers and Nike wants the sneakers to be sold and has made purchasing convenient for the customer. Nike communicates its desire toRead MoreHuman Resource Intercountry Differences when going International4958 Words   |  20 Pagesthat cause that the personnel remains in the organization. The following work will attempt to answer the question Can Inter-country differences affect HRM. What are some of the ways you expect going international will affect HR activities in your business, in order to answer this question this project will open with a review of the literature that has been written on the issues raised by the question above. It should be noted that a vast amount of writing has been done on these issues but only a fewRead MoreThe Fashion Consumer’s Attitude Towards the Fashion/Lifestyle Brands Adopting Csr as a Part of Their Business Strategy9393 Words   |  38 PagesDISSERTATION PROJECT The Fashion Consumer’s attitude towards the fashion/lifestyle brands adopting CSR as a part of their business strategy Author: Anjali Saini Fashion Marketing (2009-11) PEARL ACADEMY OF FASHION AIM OF THE PROJECT After all the harm that man has done to the planet Earth, the time has come for mankind to protect himself and the planet from further destruction and to save the planet. To solve this purpose, there is much talk about Corporate SocialRead MoreNote on Measuring Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Brand Equity and Brand Value Pierre Chandon3528 Words   |  15 Pagesthe four scores for each association. Brand personality list Jennifer Aaker (1997) developed a set of adjectives that can be used to describe the personality of a brand, much like the personality of an individual (see Keller 2003, chapter 9 p. 448). She distinguishes five facets of brand personality: Sincerity, excitement, competence, sophistication and ruggedness. Two or more adjectives measure each facet. The method consists of asking subjects to what extent each adjective describes the brand. -Read More Affluenza- An unhappy relationship with money Essay1765 Words   |  8 PagesConsumers are then using their new found credit to buy without even thinking of how they will pay for the products. They get the credit cards because of the appealingly low 5.9% introductory rate and go for it, but the credit card companies usually run those rates up to 18% or more in the first six months before the consumer pays off the purchase, (Insight into the News IIN, 1997). This in turn leads consumers into over extending themselves. Although 96% of all consumers are using credit cards responsiblyRead MoreUnderdog Branding and Its Consumer Appeal4104 Words   |  17 PagesDisadvantage and Determination through Brand Biography, details her joint research about the trend and its implications for brand management. Keinan, an assistant professor in the Marketing Unit at Harvard Business School whose research on consumer behavior has been published in leading marketing and psychology journals , coauthored the article with Neeru Paharia, Jill Avery, and Juliet B. Schor. Says Keinan, Through a series of experiments, we show that underdog brand biographies are effective in the marketplaceRead MoreEssentials of Contemporary Management7571 Words   |  31 PagesMontrà ©al Boston Burr Ridge, IL Dubuque, IA Madison, WI New York San Francisco St. Louis Bangkok Bogotà ¡ Caracas Kuala Lumpur Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Santiago Seoul Singapore Sydney Taipei To Matthew and Nicholas, students of business, and Meghan, a student of the arts. G. F. Contemporary Management Second Canadian Edition Copyright  © 2005, 2002 by McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited, a Subsidiary of The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Copyright  © 2003, 2000, 1998 by TheRead MoreHow Marketers Target Kids2415 Words   |  10 Pageseffective as the more sophisticated importance nagging. This latter method appeals to parents desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids. The marriage of psychology and marketing To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children s developmental, emotionalRead MoreAttitude Towards Foreign and Domestic Products in India and Its Effect on Changing Buying Preferencesattitude Towards Foreign and Domestic Products in India and Its Effect on Changing Buying Preferences3216 Words   |  13 Pagestelevision and tours and travel to abroad. This have made consumers more aware of cultures of other countries, better standard of living, new products of high esteem and better quality and increased the power of global brands such as Levis, Woodland, Nike, Sony, Coca-Cola and many more which have now penetrated in markets of almost all countries. On one hand consumer want to upgrade the status symbol and standard of living by copying from west and other countries, on the contrary there are also few

Romeo and Juliette Essay Example For Students

Romeo and  Juliette Essay As an entry to grade 10, we will be expected to write a comparative essay between three different versions of Romeo and Juliet’s balcony scene, from the three different film versions.  In Franco Zeffirellis version of Romeo and Juliette, the balcony scene is set in a medieval environment. The old looking costumes and buildings indicate this. Different from all the other scenes, the director of this film has chosen to build up the tense feeling between the two amorous young adults by first making Romeo unseen and unheard to his loving Juliette who is positioned high up on the balcony. In the West side story the balcony scene is completely different from both of the other film. It is in this version set in a modern time. Surrounded by staircases and brick walls the two loving ones meet sing. Unlike the two other scenes, this version does not reflect that the two â€Å"sides† have a wealthy past, due to that they meet not in a castle or in a mansion but in a alley. This gives a good understanding to their love. In the way that money doesn’t matter, and that they will meet anywhere at any time in order to see each other. My understanding in why they were singing is simple enough to show their feeling for each other in a better way. West side story is also a musical, causing music and singing to be a part of their way of telling each other about their feeling. Music is in this content very successful due to that music can very easily set a mode. Intense music creates a tense feeling and soft music creates a happy feeling. This gives the director of the film the opportunity to more widely express the feelings of the characters. The balcony scene from the last Romeo and Juliette comes from the movie â€Å"Romeo and  Juliette (1996)† is very confusing due to a number of different reasons. One reason being, that even though it is a modern setting, medieval costumes such as chain mails are used. Another reason to why the setting is unclear is due to the location of the scene. The scene takes place in a modern day world but in a medieval castle with outfits that would suit the medieval era. We can easily see that by looking at Juliette‘ s hair in Franco Zeffirellis version (which has been let out) and also by looking at the golden fabric dress that she is wearing (she is casually dressed) that maybe she is ready to go to bed. A golden fabric dress would today be something that would be worn for a ball, but her use of it shows us that she comes from a wealthy family with more than enough money. Her atmosphere and beauty clearly reflects the feminine role that she has in this important scene. Her clothes melt in with the environment surrounding them. It is first now that Romeo’s costume is properly seen; long sleeved with padded shoulders and dark colours show us his masculine role in the scene. He doesn’t quite belong in this setting and this is clearly shown when the two are standing next to each other. Her costume melts in with the warm colours, that make up the surroundings and his cold coloured clothes gives the obvious feeling of him being an intruder and that he is trespassing. In the Westside story on the other hand, Juliette is shown to us as a young independent woman who wants nothing else than to be able to do whatever she wants. Her feminine role is extremely well shown to us as an audience by her fine beauty, her white dress which gives us the feeling of her being an angel and also her voice which when she sings gives us the feeling that she really is an angle. Her outfit clearly shows us that unlike Juliette in Franco Zeffirellis version, she is not wealthy and does not wear a golden dress to bed. Romeo is in this version a tall brown- haired guy. He has a deep and steady voice, which almost sounds mechanical. His voice along with his body structure reflects the masculine role that he is playing. In the dark environment that this scene is set in, Romeo is a bright light in the dark night sky as he trespasses onto enemies ground in his bright yellow jacket. I think the director has chosen this outfit for him to clearly show that he doesn’t belo ng there and simply to show contrast between the two loved ones. .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .postImageUrl , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:hover , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:visited , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:active { border:0!important; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:active , .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740 .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub35defe4f05afb1e3141150ba62c0740:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay On Separate PeaceIn the last Romeo and Juliette made year 1996, Juliette is well ornate with a long white dress. In almost all the versions white dresses have been an ordinary way of looking at Juliette. In this scene Juliette is shown to us as a young woman who is determined to get and do what she wants. In her soliloquy in the beginning of the scene she explains how her name is the only thing that keeps her and Romeo apart, and that if she only could she would drop that name in order to be with him. As this scene is played out in a modern day era, the physicality between Romeo and Juliette is much more intense then in both the other plays. This is something that is n’t built as the play goes on. Already from the start they are very keen about touching each other’s bodies. This adds to the feeling of love and as a part of the audience I must say that it was much more exciting watching this scene due to all the above mentioned. In the first scene that we watched the few rays of light that reaches Juliette in the dark night, reflects on her eyes giving them each a small white spot. It brings a look to her face of an abandon puppy that wants a family or a friend. She is lonely. In other words an unhappy look and it is clearly known to us, as an audience, that the only thing she wants at that moment, is to be with her soul mate Romeo. In all the versions, this happens in each and every one. The use of light in characters eyes is a common way of expressing a certain mood and is a widely used method throughout movie- makers. In the first scene the close space between the two creates a feeling of helplessness as Romeo can see and hear his dear Juliette but he dares not speak to her. The tense feeling continues to build as Romeo comes closer and closer to his dear Juliette. This moment is very ironic in all the versions, the beautiful loving feeling combined with the fact that this girl who Romeo loves, the one he is about to speak to, will later become the reason for both of their deaths. The couple is drawn closer and closer to each other as the scene and the intense feeling builds rapidly. In Franco Zeffirellis version and Romeo and Juliette made year 1996, when he finally does open his mouth to speak, Juliette is awfully surprised and appears scared as she realizes that he has been listening to her love speech to him. Romeo quickly lets her know that he shares all the same feeling of love for her as well. In the version made 1996 it is at this moment when Romeo starts speaking that they both fall into the water (pool). The light that the pool creates

ARPANET Essay Example For Students

ARPANET Essay The USSR launches Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite. In the late 1960s the U.S. military was desperately afraid of a nuclear attack from the Soviet Union. The United States formed the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) within the Department of Defense to establish a bombproof network to connect military bases. ARPANETs physical network was established in 1969 to enable universities and research organizations to exchange information freely. The first two nodes that formed the ARPANET were UCLA and the Stanford Research Institute, shortly after the University of Utah was added to ARPANET. The Network Control Protocol (NCP) was initially used as the ARPANET protocol, beginning in 1970. By 1971, a total of 23 hosts at 15 locations were connected to the ARPANET. The following year, the first international connections occurred, linking the University College of London (UK) and the Royal Radar Establishment (Norway) to the ARPANET. The way ARPANET was set up is so that if one of the network links became disrupted by enemy attack, the traffic on it could automatically be rerouted to other links. Fortunately, the Net rarely has come under enemy attack. In the 1970s, ARPA also sponsored further research into the applications of packet switching technologies. This included extending packet switching to ships at sea and ground mobile units and the use of radio for packet switching. Ethernet was created during the course of research into the use of radio for packet switching, and it was found that coaxial cable could support the movement of data at extremely fast rates of speed. The development of Ethernet was crucial to the growth of local area computer networks. The success of ARPANET made it difficult to manage, particularly with the large and growing number of university sites on it. So it was broken into two parts. The two parts consisted of MILNET, which had the military sites, and the new, smaller ARPANET, which had the nonmilitary sites. On January 1,1983, every machine connected to ARPANET had to use TCP/IP. TCP/IP became the core Internet protocol and replaced NCP (old ARPANET language) completely. Thanks to TCP/IP MILNET and ARPANET remained connected through a technical scheme called IP (Internet Protocol); which enables traffic to be routed from one network to another as necessary. All the networks connected to the Internet speak IP, so they all can exchange messages. Although there were only two networks at that time, IP was designed to allow for tens of thousands of networks. An unusual fact about the IP design is that every computer on an IP network is just as capable as any other, so any machine can communicate with any other machine. In 1985 the National Science Foundation began announcing plans for its new T1 lines, which would be finished by 1988. Soon after the completion of the T1 backbone, traffic increased so quickly that plans immediately began on upgrading the network again. The same year the concept of the T3, a 45 Mbps was introduced to the public. While the T3 lines were being constructed, the Department of Defense disbanded the ARPANET and the T1 and later T3 backbone replaced ARPANET. The original 50Kbs lines of ARPANET were taken out of service. In 1990 ARPANET was replaced by the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET), the same company that founded the t1 and t3, to connect its supercomputers to regional networks. In my opinion I think the government did an excellent job in developing the Internet. Essentially, the ARPANET can be viewed as the embryo from which the Internet grew. The government fostered and encouraged the growth of private Internet corporations. Today the Internet spans acros s all 7 continents and connects the whole world with some clicks of a mouse and typing at the keyboard. .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postImageUrl , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:visited , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active { border:0!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:active , .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6152f7d4116dc3fa3a798365119ce52f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Theme Of Inherit The Wind EssayBibliography:BibliographyBooks1.)Casting the Net: From Arpanet to Internet and Beyond (Unix and Open Systems Series) Peter H. Salus / Paperback / Published 1995 2.) Building the Arpanet: Unpublished Source Documents of the FirstPeter Salus(Editor) / Hardcover / Published 1998

Women and Consumption in Japan

Introduction At the start of the 1990s when the economic bubble exploded, the earlier sense of individuality amongst the majority of Japanese consumers became clattered as the idea of permanent employment busted and numerous people were fired from their jobs. This uneasy era of economic decline together with the appearance of independent-minded women, added to a collapse of traditional societal systems and the formation of a Japanese customer with preferences that varied noticeably in comparison to the bubble era.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Women and Consumption in Japan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During the previous decade, there was suppressing of lux-aholic conduct with respect to the 1980s craving. Nevertheless today, as the Consumer Confidence Index remains less than 50, customer attitude is moderately positive as the nation and its populace gradually ascend out of a downturn stage. Addit ionally, as opposed to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) where fashions, cuteness, and brands are an appearance of social status, earnings coupled with refined preferences that permit consumers to differentiate themselves from the typical in Japanese fashion signify the typical Japanese (Japan Market Resource Network, 2007, pp. 2-3). The methodology used in this research project can be employed in studying the association involving women and consumption in the United Arab Emirates. In a bid to shed light on major alterations in the connection involving women and consumption in Japan, this research paper discusses Japanese consumers, examines accessible secondary data, and discusses consumer groups. In addition, this research paper carries out an Internet study to elucidate Japanese views, mindsets, and aspirations toward fashions, cuteness, and brands. This paper reflects the varying positions and attitudes of Japanese women toward purchasing fashions, cuteness, and brands. Moreover, t his paper will disclose that concern in fashions, cuteness, and brands has decreased with time (Chadha, Husband, 2006, pp. 56-68). However, there is plenty of proof that fashions, cuteness, and brands that uphold significance in satisfying varying consumer preferences will unsurprisingly find constant success. In any case, during the gloomier financial period, total income for chief fashions, cuteness, and brands maintained an increasing tendency and consumer attitude continued to tilt positively. Women play a crucial role in contemporary Japanese consumption and media in term of fashions, cuteness, and brands. Research Question Individual value, corporate groups, and social identification influence consumption among Japanese women’s fashion, cuteness, and brands. The following research question has been formulated to satisfy the purpose and aim of this research paper: What is the relationship between women and consumption in Japan?Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Purpose and aim Japanese women have an extensive variety of fashions, cuteness, and brands and extensive launch of luxury customs by youthful women. Consequently, the aim of this research paper is to discover the association between women and consumption in Japan. The paper as well seeks to discover the extent of the position of women in modern Japanese spending and media with respect to fashions, cuteness, and brands, which comprises luxury favourite individual and non-luxury favourite individual qualities. The range of luxury brands discussed in this research paper is limited to fashions, cuteness, and brands; nevertheless, the paper will touch on luxury brands at times. The outcome of this research paper could assist luxury brand dealers who would want to venture into the Japanese market and those already existing in the Japanese market and desire to uphold the faithfulness of their clients. It could as well be a section of the research on global consumer conduct toward consumption of fashions, cuteness, and brands and marketing tactics in Japan. Literature Review Women consumers in Japan are unmatched in their assessment to the world’s fashions, cuteness, and brands, driving more than 40 per cent of international income in an international luxury made merchandise market whose value is estimated to be 50 billion US Dollars. Luxury branded merchandise from other countries started to change the retail setting in Japan at around the 1980s, as their accomplishment was propagated by the affluence of the intoxicatingly prosperous bubble period of the 1980s. The shopping-stimulated women in Japan retorted to their pristine affluence in a joint â€Å"lux-aholic† binge. In Japanese community fashions, cuteness, and brands evolved from standing symbols to social systems by recognising the possessor as fitting in the bigger corporate group. In the afo rementioned social background, not embracing the matching â€Å"standing† could induce uneasiness (Tian, Bearden, Hunter, 2001, pp. 50-66). The state of mind of the women facilitated sustenance of powerful presence of fashions, cuteness, and brands in Japan in spite of macro-economic difficulties. Nowadays, Japanese women are rising from the refuge of the corporate group as they turn out to be progressively comfortable articulating their distinctiveness- whether via the expression of views formerly construed as excessively assertive or defiant, or through incorporating judgments that reveal personal identities. Assurance in articulating individual tastes is a revolutionary disappearance in a society where consistency has been the principle.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Women and Consumption in Japan specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Japanese women are classier than ever in their consumption co nduct (Nia, Zaichkowsky, 2000, pp. 485-487). The varying consumption patterns of Japanese women, the shifting attitudes, and standards are vital to comprehending contemporary fashions, cuteness, and brands market in Japan. The Japanese women have a tendency of holding a stronger concern in purchasing fashions, cuteness, and brands in comparison to that of men. The existence of women in the labour force is a motivating force because working away from home stimulates expenditure on self-consumption. On the same note, most women are holding up marriage, which is contributing to the high number of unmarried women in their thirties and above in the labour force, and thus offering those women higher amounts of disposable earnings to use on fashions, cuteness, and brands. In the last 20 years, Japanese women have turned to defy formulaic homemaker duties with the intention of pursuing professions or even merely part-time vocations (Nia, Zaichkowsky, 2000, pp. 488-497). Even though numero us of these posts are mainly secretarial or managerial conventionally, from the year 1997 Japanese women of between 30 and 44 years of age in the labour force have augmented by 15 per cent. In Japan, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication accounted that there were over 16 million women of between 20 and 49 years in the labour force, in 2007 and those of between 30 and 39 years claiming the larger portion of the aforementioned group. Amid Japanese female consumers, parasite singles constitute the highest number of voracious consumers of fashions, cuteness, and brands. Parasite singles comprise about four million single women in the labour force of between 20 and 34 years who reside with their parents and thus do not incur rent expenses. Since they have minimal monetary responsibilities, these women use nearly 10 per cent of their yearly income on fashions, cuteness, and brands. A research by Japan Market Resource Network (JMRN) disclosed that, conventionally, numerous you nger Japanese women buy fashions, cuteness, and brands to recompense themselves for their hard work. In addition, a new female affluent class has appeared with an income of above  ¥10 million ($86,597 US dollars) per annum (JMRN, 2007, pp. 4-6). The highly paid women use approximately 10 per cent of their yearly earnings on embellishment for individual and professional causes. The Japanese women accounted using their funds on â€Å"eating out†, â€Å"luxury brands†, â€Å"trips†, and â€Å"vehicles†, with the biggest amount assigned toward condominium acquisition of approximately  ¥30 million ($260,870 US dollars). Essentially, scores of these women have a tendency of spending on fashions, cuteness, and brands in a comparatively spontaneous way.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Over the years, publishers have aimed at Japanese women in the labour force and aged between 24 and 30 years with magazines (for instance, 25ans) that concentrate on fashions, cuteness, and brands. It is also appealing to note that fashion magazines aiming the unwarranted section of prosperous women of between 30 and 40 years have of late started to flourish, representing the purchasing command of this significant group (Eastman, Iyer, 2012, pp. 80-96). Methodology Data Collection This research paper used secondary data. The secondary sources used include journals, online libraries, Google scholar, books, and information from research by Japan Market Resource Network (JMRN). Secondary data Secondary data is helpful owing to its cost effectiveness. In addition, secondary data is employed to obtain early awareness into the study problem. This research paper gathered secondary data mostly from Google Scholar site, online libraries (for instance, EBSCOhost), books, and journals that gi ve well-informed articles and study in accordance with women and consumption in Japan. A different remarkable database that provided significant information is Mod’Art International Fashion Design and Management School Library (MIFDMSL), which is situated in the capital city of France, Paris. In view of the fact that the majority of luxury fashion brands used by Japanese women trace their origin to France, this database was vital. Many of the desirable and distinguished luxury brands in the world are created in France. Moreover, Paris stands out as the world’s stylish city. Findings and Data Analysis Quality overrides Brand Focus groupings with Japanese women consumers permitted JMRN to comprehend insights concerning â€Å"fashions, brands, and cuteness† in a Japanese background. Particularly, the main attributes that Japanese female consumers pointed out as contributing to the consumption of a luxury brand (according to precedence) include quality, recognised b rand legacy, and upholding of steady prices. Of the total 20 interviewees (from all age brackets), several respondents sharply associated quality with the practice of purchasing and possessing a luxury brand comprising consumer service as well as suitability. The research by JMRN as well pointed out that, the importance of brand name to women consumers in Japan is diminishing (JMRN, 2007, p. 7). The decrease in the importance of a brand name is a crucial pointer of the change from the consumption of fashions, cuteness, and brands as collective code to consumption founded on personal taste. Fig. 1: Women and consumption in Japan Consumer mindsets and Approach The modern shift past social codes based on traditions is affecting the basis of individuality for both male and female consumers. Consumers’ brand preferences progressively line up with their longing for coherence and comparatively advanced intensities of personality (JMRN, 2007, p. 8). JMRN recognised five existing fun damental requirements and alarms articulated by the modern active Japanese women consumers as the following: Shift from me and to me foremost: During the period of individuality, Japanese women consumers are searching for distinctive fashions, cuteness, and brands despite the price. Mind, Body, and Soul: Japanese women consumers are seeking improved brand knowledge. Variety in Brand existence: Japanese women consumers simply admit and consider that cheap brands are capable of conveying value as regards quality and usefulness. What is in a Tag? : During the period of inexpensive manufacturing, legitimacy still controls every other aspect. Emerald Effect: Japanese women consumers prefer â€Å"green† luxury. The research by JMRN revealed an increasing opposition amid Japanese women consumers to having identical fashion and brands with everybody else. This tendency was mainly obvious among Japanese female consumers of all ages, from the youthful parasite singles to elder wealth y women (SueLin, 2010, pp. 2810-2812). Some of the luxury brands that most Japanese women consumers prefer include the following. Gucci – Bottega Veneta -Hermes Tiffany – Bulgari – Coach Christian Dior – Car tier – Chanel Louis Vuitton Forty-four percent of the women consumers in Japan prefer Louis Vuitton bag to other bags. The research by JMRN demonstrated that the degree of penetration is starting to stabilise in the modern Japanese fashions, cuteness, and brands market (Hata, 2003, pp. 4-7). In interviews, Japanese women across every age articulated the sense that an elevated penetration and profile of fashions, cuteness, and brands decreases their desirable value. Further disparaging from the value of fashions, cuteness, and brands is the reality that several youthful women, comprising students from secondary schools, can now manage to pay for beautification packages (SueLin, 2010, pp. 2813-2815). Successful luxury brands are the ones that a ct in response to the preference of Japanese women consumers for distinctive products. From the interviews, it was recognised that the Bottega Veneta, a brand from Italy, is achieving brand drive amongst Japanese women consumers because of its quality and distinctiveness. Despite the fact that just 5 per cent of interviewees asserted having a luxury brand from Bottega Veneta, 20 per cent pointed out that it is a successful brand at present. Chanel, Car tier, Christian Dior, and Coach embrace a comparable status. On the other hand, brands like Gucci, Hermes, Tiffany, and Bulgari that have both high extents of brand responsiveness and market access are dropping off their impetus as Japanese women consumers progressively declare that these luxury brands do not merit their pricy costs (JMRN, 2007, pp. 9-11). Variety Japanese women consumers simply understand and deem that inexpensive fashions, cuteness, and brands could as well be of high quality and usefulness. During the 1980s, the pu rchase of fashions, cuteness, and brands was anchored in their status and attractiveness. From the interview, 20 per cent of the Japanese women consumers had the same opinion that purchasing luxury brands expresses achievement and social grade. As the Japanese women consumers attain higher state of self-assurance, numerous do not consider the requirement to attest themselves through the purchase of a luxury brand. Importantly, the marketers of fashion, cuteness, and brands are facing more difficulties with time in drawing and upholding devoted consumers, particularly as they become aged (JMRN, 2007, pp. 12-13). According to research, as the Japanese women consumers age, it turns out to be very hard for them to declare that fashion, cuteness, and brands offer them confidence. Simultaneously, the earlier negative feelings of Japanese women consumers as concerns buying of brands at reduced prices are varying (Silverstein, Fiske, 2003, pp. 32-35). At present, it is generally satisfacto ry to acquire cheap brands from discount shops. Half of the respondents did not consider the requirement to possess luxury brands any longer since they consider non-branded outfit and other products as satisfactory. At around the age of 40 years, Japanese women consumers confirmed to be strongly attracted to non-branded fashion, cuteness, and brands as compared to women around the age of 20 years. This aspect implies that Japanese women consumers in later life might unsurprisingly prioritise the needs of their families (husband and children) than need for self-spending, or merely have more attention in usefulness of brands. With an amalgamation of enhanced self-assurance, changing life phase priorities along with an adjusted description of worth, Japanese women consumers are gradually combining high and low standards of living, a tendency as well witnessed across international markets (JMRN, 2007, pp. 14-16). A number of consumers decisively reduce in one section to indulge in a dif ferent one. Fig. 2: Sufficiency of non-branded products Discussion Democratisation of fashion, cuteness, and brands coupled with the frequency and convenience of luxury brands is as apparent amid Japanese women consumers as it is worldwide. In Japan, market tendencies solicit the continuation of counter-inclinations, as revealed in consumer swings from fashions, cuteness, and brands that are excessively readily accessible. Contemporary luxury brands reflect influential yearnings for superiority, distinctiveness, and personal identities amid Japanese women consumers. Therefore, top brands are presenting limited and unique versions; nevertheless, Japanese women consumers are searching for profound associations with quality than merely purchasing of brands. Research by JMRN established that a great number of aged women in Japan purchase non-branded products while most of the youthful women go for branded products. Generally, currently Japanese women consumers actually take pleasure in the knowledge of a fashion, cuteness, and brand, as compared to just purchasing the product itself. In the last decade, reactions of the marketers of fashion, cuteness, and brands to the needs of Japanese women consumers for entire brand knowledge have increased. Going past the anticipated advanced ranks of consumer service, thriving fashions, cuteness, and brands now recommend enriching all features of the life of consumers coupled with full brand knowledge for body, mind, and soul. While Japanese women consumers crave for brand contacts past the retail setting, fashions, cuteness, and brands are no more merely selling to consumers, but are offering services to be examined for a particular extent of quality. Conclusion Fashion, cuteness, and brands that wish to be successful will be required to acclimatise and reflect on ever-varying consumer desires coupled with their mindsets and attitudes compelled by constantly varying social demographics. Category income will constantly be he ld up by prosperous Japanese women as well as by the parasite singles. Nevertheless, fashion, cuteness, and brands that maintain their pulsate on the advancing tendencies might discover that fresh sectors can be cultivated past consumers that lie in the luxury supporter group in addition to the ones whose attention may be deteriorating. While yearning for distinctive and quality products by Japanese women consumers rises, the significance that rests on brand name is declining and thereby offering opportunities for fresh entries (for instance from France) both at the luxury class and to safe fashion selections at cheaper prices (SueLin, 2010, pp. 2816-2821). The same methodology used in this paper can be employed in studying the association involving women and consumption in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). References Chadha, R., Husband, P. (2006). The Cult of Luxury Brands: Inside Asia’s Love Affair with Luxury. London, UK: Nicholas Brealey International. Eastman, J., Iyer, R. (2012). The Relationship between Cognitive Age and Status Consumption: An Exploratory Look. Marketing Management Journal, 22(1), 80-96. Hata, K. (2003). Louis Vuitton Japan: The Building of Luxury. Tokyo: Nikkei, Inc. Japan Market Resource Network. (2007). Consumer Survey: Attitudes toward Luxury Brands. Japan: Japan Market Resource Network. Nia, A., Zaichkowsky, J. (2000). Do counterfeits devalue the ownership of luxury brands? Emeral Journal, 9(7), 485-497. Silverstein, M., Fiske, N. (2003). Trends, Brands, And Practices – The Boston Consulting Group’s 2004 Research Update to Trading Up: The New American Luxury. New York, NY: Penguin Group. SueLin, C. (2010). Understanding Consumer Purchase Behaviour in the Japanese Personal Grooming Sector. Journal of Yasar University, 5(17), 2810-2821. Tian, K., Bearden, W., Hunter, G. (2001). Consumers’ need for uniqueness: scale development and validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(1), 50-66. This research paper on Women and Consumption in Japan was written and submitted by user Marie Thompson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Movie Analysis Essay - Basic Guidelines

Movie Analysis Essay - Basic GuidelinesIf you're interested in learning the basics of movie analysis and want to see if it can help you in a real world situation, then this is the right essay for you. It is meant to give you an understanding of the history and the themes of a movie. If you're interested in movies and you have some knowledge about movie reviews and things that are related to the movies, then you can successfully finish this essay.The first part of the essay is related to your reaction to the movie. After that, you can start analyzing the movie by answering some basic questions. Make sure you know the specific keywords that the word or phrase in the question is related to. Don't worry, I will explain it to you in a minute.The second part of the essay is related to the story and the background of the movie. This part will help you understand the theme of the movie and how it relates to the story. This part should be interesting for you because it will be showing the sto ry that is related to the movie.The last part of the essay should be about your reaction to the movie after you finish reading the question. You can answer this question as you would with any other question.The last part of the essay is the easiest part of all the essay sample because you do not have to take a survey or a real life test. Just make sure that you remember what you answered in the previous parts of the essay. Otherwise, you may forget it and you don't want that!The essay should not take more than three minutes per paragraph. If you feel that you don't have enough time, then cut it up into several paragraphs and post it all in one document. If you don't have enough time to complete the entire essay, just read the first paragraph and go from there.You will need to turn it in on the date indicated in the template. After that, you will get a response by email. It may take a while, but you will also get a feedback. Once you finished the entire essay, you can either summariz e the information you just read in the essay, take a test and get good grades or go ahead and write an essay of your own.